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Iran Has Conducted Strikes in Pakistan Before. This Time Was Different.

Iran Has Conducted Strikes in Pakistan Before. This Time Was Different.

By Riaz Khokhar and Asma Khalid
Pakistan’s retaliation was unexpected, and thus may not necessarily establish deterrence against future Iranian strikes.

Unveiling the Motivations: Tajik ISKP’s Calculated Strikes on Iran

Unveiling the Motivations: Tajik ISKP’s Calculated Strikes on Iran

By Uran Botobekov
The Gaza war has opened an unprecedented chapter in the bitter Shia-Sunni sectarian struggle. 
Pakistan-Iran Airstrikes: Who is Paying the Price?

Pakistan-Iran Airstrikes: Who is Paying the Price?

By Mariyam Suleman Anees
While much of the discussion of the crisis has been about geopolitics, militant groups, and proxy wars, the people living in the border areas are bearing the brunt.

With Surprise Air Raids, Iran Loses Goodwill in Pakistan

With Surprise Air Raids, Iran Loses Goodwill in Pakistan

By Umair Jamal
To not hit back was not an option for Pakistan, as that would have been interpreted as a sign of weakness at home and in New Delhi and Kabul.

Iran-Pakistan Engage in Tit-for-Tat Attacks Over Cross-Border Militancy

Iran-Pakistan Engage in Tit-for-Tat Attacks Over Cross-Border Militancy

By Munir Ahmed and Jon Gambrell
The two neighbors targeted Baloch militant groups based on both sides of their border.

Central Asian Jihadi Perspectives on Iran’s ‘Axis of Resistance’

Central Asian Jihadi Perspectives on Iran’s ‘Axis of Resistance’

By Uran Botobekov
Tehran’s “axis of resistance” ostensibly tries to cut through the Shia-Sunni divide, but Central and South Asian Jihadi groups aren’t buying it.

Pakistani Crackdown on Iran Border Trade Sparks Protests in Southern Balochistan

Pakistani Crackdown on Iran Border Trade Sparks Protests in Southern Balochistan

By Mariyam Suleman Anees
Informal trade in oil and other goods, which previously provided people in border villages with income, has been halted without putting alternative means of livelihood in place.
An Iranian Reversal on Afghan Refugees

An Iranian Reversal on Afghan Refugees

By Shanthie Mariet D’Souza
The difference between the deportation policies targeting Afghans in both Pakistan and Iran is the noise surrounding these efforts.

Amid War and Uncertainty, India’s Middle East Interests Evolve

Amid War and Uncertainty, India’s Middle East Interests Evolve

By Seamus Duffy
If New Delhi cannot insulate itself from the ongoing Israeli-Iranian tensions, then no amount of hedging or switching between strategic initiatives will bring its ambitions to fruition. 

Will Iran Set up a Base in Antarctica?

Will Iran Set up a Base in Antarctica?

By Zia Madani and Alan D. Hemmings
What is driving Iran's interest in Antarctica, and how realistic are its ambitions?

India’s Stake in the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict 

India’s Stake in the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict 

By Seamus Duffy
Armenia is a crucial player in the planned International North-South Transportation Corridor. Its defeat will require India to adjust its strategy for the South Caucasus.
Growth and Incoherence: BRICS 2023 Summit in South Africa

Growth and Incoherence: BRICS 2023 Summit in South Africa

By Rajeswari Pillai Rajagopalan
BRICS eyes expansion, but without a coherent agenda. Meanwhile, rhetoric about respect for international law sours beside Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

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